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1.
Lima; s.n; oct. 2015. ilus.
Non-conventional in Spanish | LILACS, BRISA | ID: biblio-848150

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Antecedentes: El presente informe expone la evaluación iloprost respecto a su uso en el periodo perioperatorio de pacientes con diagnóstico de Hipertensión Pulmonar (PAPm > 25mmHg), o previo a una cirugia cardiaca o trasplante cardiaco, con el objetivo de prevenir falla aguda de ventrículo derecho (FAVD) y muerte. Aspectos Generales: La Falla Aguda del Ventrículo Derecho (FAVD) es una condición que se puede desencadenar en el periodo perioperatorio de pacientes con diagnóstico establecido de Hipertensión Pulmonar (HTP) que suele suceder por 3 mecanismos fisiopatológicos: a) Incremento de la presión de la aurícula izquierda transmitido a la circulación pulmonar; b) Remodelamiento vascula de la musculatura pulmonar en respuesta a la obstrucción crónica al drenaje venoso pulmonar y c) Vasoconstricción arterial pulmonar. Tecnología Sanitaria de Interés: iloprost: El iloprost es una solución inhalatoria, análogo sintético más estable de prostaciclina (PGI2), cuyo mecanismo de acción es la dilatación de los vasos arteriales predominantemente a nivel pulmonar. Se sabe que también afecta la agregación plaquetaria, pero la relevancia de este efecto en el tratamiento de Hipertensión Pulmonar plaquetaria, pero la relevancia de este efecto en el tratamiento de Hipertensión Pulmonar (HP) es aún desconocida. METODOLOGÍA: Estrategia de Búsqueda: Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura a la eficacia y seguridad de iloprost en pacientes con riesgo de desarrollar o que desarrollasen FAVD en el periodo perioperatorio de cirugía cardiaca. Primero se identificó en colaboración con médicos del INCOR las patologías con más riesgo de desarrollar FAVD, posteriormente se realizó una búsqueda primaria de revisiones sistemáticas y Guias de Práctica Clínica en las bases: National Library of Medicine (Pubmed-Medline), Translating Research into Practive (TRIPDATABASE), Cochrane Library y National Guideline of Clearinghouse. RESULTADOS: Se realizó la búsqueda bibliográfica y de evidencia científica que sustente el uso de iloprost en los escenarios que puedan desencadenar la Falla Aguda del Ventrículo Derecho en el periodo perioperatorio de una cirugía cardiaca. Por cada uno de los siguientes escenarios clínicos com riesgo de desarrollo de FAVD i.e., Trasplante Cardiaco, Correcición de Valvulopatías Tromboendarterectomía y Cardiomiopatía isquémica con disfunción ventricular izquierda, se presenta la evidencia disponible en Guías de Práctica Clínica, Revisiones sistemáticas y Meta-análisis, Ensayos Clínicos y Estudios observacionales. CONCLUSIONES: El iloprost inhalado es un vasodilatador con acción local pulmonar que ha mostrado tener un efecto beneficioso en la prevención y manejo de la hipertensión pulmonar en el momento perioperatório de la cirugia cardiaca. Sin embargo, la evidencia científica que respalda este benefício del iloprost es limitada al provenir de estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos con limitaciones metodológicas que no permiten reducir el riesgo de sesgos con potencial impacto en los hallazgos de dichos estudios. Así se aprueba el uso del iloprost para ser utilizado para el maejo de la hipertensión pulmonar aguda en pacientes que desarollan o están riesgo de desarrollar falla del ventrículo derecho aguda en el contexto perioperatorio o post-operatorio inmediato de una cirugía cardiaca. Dado que la evidencia que respalda este uso del iloprost es aún limitada, se recomienda la realización de estudios de epidemiología que sistematice la información clínica que se genere de la experiencia del uso de este medicamento bajo el contexto del presente Dictamen Preliminar en ESSALUD. Esta información será tomada em cuenta en la re-evaluación de este medicamento para efectos de un nuevo dictamen al terminar la vigencia del presente Dictamen Preliminar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Perioperative Period , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/drug therapy , Technology Assessment, Biomedical , Treatment Outcome
2.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 85(2): 136-144, abr.-jun. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-754936

ABSTRACT

El iloprost inhalado es uno de los fármacos más recientes del grupo de prostanoides en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial pulmonar. No se ha definido su importancia en la hipertensión pulmonar en el perioperatorio de cirugía cardiovascular. En esta revisión se analizan los grupos con hipertensión pulmonar susceptibles de cirugía cardiaca, la importancia de la hipertensión pulmonar en cirugía cardiaca y, además, la evidencia clínica actual del uso del fármaco en este contexto.


Inhaled iloprost is one of the most recent drugs from prostanoids group's in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. His place in pulmonary hypertension seen in the perioperative cardiovascular surgery has not been defined. In this review we analyze pulmonary hypertension group's susceptibles of cardiac surgery and its importance, besides the current clinical evidence from drug use in this context.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Cardiac Surgical Procedures
4.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(2): 100-105, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762610

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El efecto de prostanoides inhalatorios sobre la función auricular derecha (AD) en hipertensión arterial idiopática (HAP) no ha sido estudiado. Objetivo: Evaluar cambios agudos en la función AD y función diastólica del ventrículo derecho en pacientes con HAP post uso de Iloprost inhalatorio. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes con HAP sin uso previo de prostanoides. Se realizó un ecocardiograma transtorácico basal y 30 min posterior a la inhalación de iloprost. Se midió dimensión AD, relación E/e' y strain de la AD por speckle tracking, registrando la onda negativa de contracción auricular (SaAD) y la onda positiva de la fase de reservorio (SsAD). Se midió el tiempo de inicio de la fase de reservorio AD durante el sístole ventricular. Resultados: Se estudiaron 16 pacientes (15 mujeres), con edad promedio 44 ± 7,8 años. Post Iloprost disminuyó el volumen AD (basal: 140ml, post Iloprost: 109 ml; p 0,008) y las presiones de llenado (E/e’ basal: 13, post Iloprost: 9,8; p 0,028). No se registraron diferencias en el SaAD (basal: -8,4%, post Iloprost: -8,5%; p 0,834). El SsAD fue mayor post Iloprost (basal: 8,6%, post Iloprost: 11,7%; p 0,002) iniciándose antes durante el sístole ventricular (basal: 445ms, post Iloprost: 368ms; p 0,001). Conclusión: Con Iloprost inhalatorio en pacientes con HAP se observa una reducción aguda en el tamaño de la AD y en las presiones de llenado del VD. La deformación durante la fase de reservorio de la AD aumenta y se inicia significativamente antes. Esto sugiere que el Iloprost podría mejorar en forma aguda el trabajo mecánico de la AD en paciente con HAP.


Background: The effects of inhaled prostanoids on right atrial (RA) function in patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) have not been studied. We evaluated acute changes in RA function and right ventricular diastolic function after inhaled iloprost. Methods: We included PAH patients without prior prostanoid treatment. A surface echocardiogram was performed at baseline and 30 minutes after iloprost inhalation. Measurements included RA dimensions, right E/e’ ratio and RA strain by speckle tracking, registering a RA contraction wave (RASa) and RA reservoir wave (RASs). RA time to peak of deformation during the reservoir phase was also measured. Results: We included 16 patients (15 females, aged 44±7.8 years. Post iloprost there was a reduction in RA volume (baseline: 140ml, post iloprost: 109ml; p 0.008) and right ventricular filling pressure (baseline E/e’: 13, post iloprost: 9.8; p 0.028). There was no difference in the magnitude of the RASa wave (baseline: -8.4%, post iloprost: -8.5%; p 0.834). The RASs wave was larger post iloprost (baseline: 8.6%, post iloprost: 11.7%; p 0.002), and began earlier (baseline RA time to peak of deformation during reservoir phase: 445ms, post iloprost: 368ms; p 0.001). Conclusion: Inhaled iloprost acutely reduces RA size and right ventricular filling pressure in patients with HAP It also significantly increases the magnitude of RA systolic deformation as well as making it occur earlier in RA filling phase. This suggests that iloprost might improve RA mechanical performance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Atrial Function, Right/drug effects , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Echocardiography , Cross-Sectional Studies , Arterial Pressure/drug effects , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
5.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 84(3): 202-210, jul.-sep. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-732028

ABSTRACT

El iloprost inhalado es un fármaco del grupo de las prostaciclinas utilizado en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial pulmonar. La eficacia y seguridad de su administración han permitido su uso como monoterapia y en terapia combinada. En esta revisión se describen las características del medicamento, los grupos susceptibles de tratamiento y la evidencia clínica actualizada del uso del fármaco.


Inhaled iloprost is a drug from the group of prostacyclins used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Its efficacy and safety have allowed its use as monotherapy and combination therapy. This review describes the product characteristics, amenable to treatment groups, and updated clinical evidence of drug use.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Drug Therapy, Combination
6.
Saudi Medical Journal. 2014; 35 (10): 1257-1259
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-148899

ABSTRACT

A 38-year-old male was diagnosed with unrepaired ventricular septal defect associated with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension, cyanosis, and significant exercise intolerance. His echocardiogram showed right ventricular dysfunction and moderate pericardial effusion with no signs of cardiac tamponade. He was treated with an intensive course of inhaled iloprost and sildenafil. He showed a dramatic clinical response; his saturation went up from 60% on admission to 90% on minimal oxygen with significant improvement in his symptoms and signs of heart failure and total resolution of pericardial effusion. On follow up 3 and 6 weeks later, he was stable and could walk 360 meters in a 6 minutes walk test with disappearance of pericardial effusion. With unavailability of intravenous prostacyclin, we have shown in this case that intensive administration of inhaled iloprost could be used intensively as a rescue therapy in severe cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension with excellent results


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Cyanosis , Dyspnea , Iloprost , Chronic Disease , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation
7.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(3): 220-226, May-June 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-583743

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Evaluate the effects of iloprost administration in the early period of ischemic colitis and the mechanism that how these effects develop. METHODS: Thirty two Wistar albino female rats with an average weight of 220g were divided into four groups of eight rats. In group 1 the rats were given iloprost and sacrificed after 24 hours and in group 2 they were sacrificed after 24 hours without any iloprost. The rats in group 3 were administrated iloprost and sacrificed after 72 hours and in group 4 they were sacrificed at 72th hour without iloprost. The differences between the groups as tissue damage, vascularization or apoptosis were assessed statistically. RESULTS: Oxidative damage and apoptosis were less pronounced and vascularization was better developed in rats that were given iloprost and sacrificed at 24th hour later in contrast to the rats that were not treated with iloprost. But there was no statistical difference among the groups at 72th hour. CONCLUSION: Iloprost inhibited leucocyte infiltration, decreased proinflammatory cytokines and enhanced angiogenesis so that the oxidative stress and inflammatory response decreased resulting in lesser tissue damage.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da administração de iloprosta no período precoce da colite isquêmica e o mecanismo da evolução destes efeitos. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois ratos Wistar fêmeas em torno de 220g foram distribuídos em quatro grupos de oito ratos. No grupo 1 administração de iloprosta e sacrificados após 24 horas; no grupo 2 foram sacrificados após 24 horas sem iloprosta; no grupo 3 foi administrado iloprosta e sacrificados após 72 horas; no grupo 4 foram sacrificados após 72 horas sem Iloprosta. As diferenças entre os grupos no referente a dano tecidual. vascularização ou apoptose foi apurada estatisticamente. RESULTADOS: Dano oxidativo e apoptose foram menos acentuados e a vascularização foi melhor nos ratos que receberam iloprosta e sacrificados após 24 horas em contraste com os ratos que não receberam iloprosta. Porém, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos de 72 horas. CONCLUSÃO: Iloprosta inibe infiltração leucocitária, diminui a ação inflamatória de citoquinas e estimula angiogênese resultando em menor dano tecidual.


Subject(s)
Animals , Colitis, Ischemic/veterinary , Rats/classification , Arachidonic Acid/adverse effects , Epoprostenol/administration & dosage , Iloprost/administration & dosage
9.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 29(3): 291-298, 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-592016

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Hipertensión arterial pulmonar (HP) se caracteriza por remodelado vascular y disfunción endotelial. Evidencia experimental muestra que el estrés oxidativo juega un rol importante en la patogénesis de la HP. El rol del estrés oxidativo, su relación con la función endotelial periférica y con la respuesta vascular pulmonar a vasodilatadores en pacientes con HP no está aclarada. Objetivo: evaluar parámetros de estrés oxidativo y función endotelial periférica en pacientes con HP y estudiar su relación con la respuesta vascular pulmonar frente a vasodilatadores. Métodos: estudio transversal. Se incluyeron 14 pacientes con HP y 14 controles pareados por edad y sexo. En todos los sujetos se midieron: niveles plasmáticos de malondialdehido (MDA), superóxido dismutasa ligada a endotelio (eSOD) y xantino oxidasa (eXO). Vasodilatación dependiente de endotelio mediada por flujo en arteria braquial fue usada como marcador de función endotelial (FDD). Función ventricular derecha y reactividad del lecho vascular pulmonar frente a iloprost inhalado fueron evaluadas ecocardiográficamente en los pacientes con HP Resultados: Los pacientes con HP presentaron FDD disminuida versus los controles (2,8 +/- 0,6 vs 10,7 por ciento +/- 0,6, p< 0,01). Niveles de MDA y eXO aumentados (0,61 +/- 0,17 vs 0,34 +/- 0,15uM, p<0,01 y 0,039 +/- 0,005 vs 0,034 +/- 0,004 U/mL1, p=0,02 respectivamente) y actividad de eSOD disminuida (235,55 +/- 23 vs 461,41 +/- 33 ABC, p<0,01). Iloprost mejora significativamente el gasto cardíaco derecho y disminuye la resistencia vascular pulmonar en los pacientes con HP y este cambio se correlaciona con la actividad de eSOD (Rho: 0,61, p<0,01) y FDD (Rho: 0,63, p=0,01). Conclusiones: Pacientes con HP presentan parámetros de estrés oxidativo elevados y disfunción endotelial periférica La respuesta hemodinámica frente al uso de Iloprost se correlaciona con estos parámetros sugiriendo un rol en la HP cuyo valor clínico deberá ser evaluado.


Background: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Several lines of experimental evidence indicate that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PAH. The role of oxidative stress and its relation with peripheral endothelial function and pulmonary vascular response to vasodilators remains unknown. Aim: To evaluate whether systemic oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction markers are associated with the response of the pulmonary vascular bed to inhaled vasodilators in PAH patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study Fourteen patients with PAH and 14 age and gender-matched controls were included. Systemic oxidative stress was assessed through plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), xanthine oxidase (eXO) levels and endothelial-bound superoxide dismutase (eSOD) activity Brachial artery endothelial-de-pendent flow-mediated vasodilation (FDD) was used to evaluate endothelial function. Right ventricular function and pulmonary vascular bed reactivity to inhaled vasodilators was determined with echocardiography in PAH patients. Results: Compared to controls, PAH patients showed impaired FDD (2.8 +/- 0.6 vs 10.7 percent +/- 0.6, p< 0.01), increased MDA and eXO levels (0.61 +/- 0.17 vs 0.34 +/- 0.15uM, p<0.01 and 0.039 +/- 0.005 vs 0.034 +/- 0.004 U/ mL1, p=0.02 , respectively) and decreased eSOD activity 235.55 +/- 23 vs 461.41 +/- 33 AUC, p<0.01). Iloprost significantly improved right cardiac output (RCO) and decreased pulmonary vascular resistance. The amount of change in RCO after iloprost inhalation correlated significantly with baseline eSOD activity and FDD (Rho: 0.61, p<0.01 and Rho: 0.63, p=0.01 respectively). Conclusions: PAH patients show increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction markers. Response to inhaled iloprost is closely related with baseline endothelial function and oxidative stress parameters, suggesting an important role of these elements that re...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Oxidative Stress , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Administration, Inhalation , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Echocardiography , Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology , Cardiac Output , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Vascular Resistance , Superoxide Dismutase/analysis , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right , Xanthine Oxidase/analysis
10.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-44481

ABSTRACT

The authors report one case of persistent pulmonary hypertension that had hypoxia although receiving treatment with high frequency oscillation, inotropic drugs, blood transfusion, and oral sildenafil for pulmonary vasodilatation. The patient developed hypotension after two doses of oral sildenafil and no response to high dose of inotropic drugs. So aerosolized iloprost was given via endotracheal tube and oxygen saturation improved within 10 minutes. Oxygen was weaned at 36 hours after treatment with this drug and no any side effect was found.


Subject(s)
Female , High-Frequency Ventilation , Humans , Hypotension/chemically induced , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Infant, Newborn , Intubation, Intratracheal , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/drug therapy , Piperazines/adverse effects , Purines/adverse effects , Sulfones/adverse effects , Treatment Failure , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage
11.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-41008

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a recognized complication of congenital heart disease. Despite differences in etiology and pathophysiology, successful therapy for idiopathic PAH may benefit in patients with congenital heart disease. We theorized that combination of oral and aerosolization prostacyclin will benefit this group of patients in long-term. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study design was single group and open label study with intention to treat for patients with congenital heart disease with pulmonary artery (PA pressure) more than 50% of systemic pressure. All patients were given a combination of orally given beraprost sodium and inhalation of iloprost for 12 months. Data were collected prospectively consisting of functional class, O2 saturation, 6-minute walk test and right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP). RESULTS: There were 23 patients with an average right ventricular systolic pressure (+/- SD) of 94.8 +/- 14.5 mmHg and with average age of 27.8 +/- 14.9 years (2.5 to 50 years). The average oxygen saturation was 87.9 +/- 7 %. There were 12 patients with post surgical repair or cardiac catheterization interventional procedure and 11 with and Eisenmenger's syndrome. There were significant improvement of 6-minute-walk test from an average of 268 +/- 70 meters to 308 +/- 57 meters at the end of 12 months. The functional class of patients was also improving. However, there were no significant different in oxygen saturation. CONCLUSION: Combination therapy of oral and inhalation of aerosolized vasodilators is a fascinating concept in the therapy of pulmonary hypertension. Treated patients showed an improvement in exercise capacity and right ventricular systolic pressure without a worsening in oxygen saturation.


Subject(s)
Administration, Inhalation , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Epoprostenol/administration & dosage , Exercise Test , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Iloprost/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Oxygen/blood , Vasodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Ventricular Pressure
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